Modes and equipment
Reefer (refrigerated container)
A temperature-controlled container with its own cooling unit, used for chilled, frozen or temperature-sensitive goods.
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A reefer keeps cargo at a set temperature during the whole journey, typically anywhere from about minus 30 to plus 30 degrees Celsius. The shipper must give the set temperature, ventilation and humidity when booking, and the container needs electrical power at terminals and on trucks, which is charged separately. Common sizes are the 20 ft reefer and the 40 ft high cube reefer, which hold less than dry boxes because of the insulation and machinery. Reefers usually get less free time than dry containers, so documents and clearance must be ready before arrival. Example: a Dubai food importer brings chilled vegetables from China. The reefer is booked at the required temperature, the food must also be registered and released by the municipality food system, and delivery is planned as soon as the container is cleared.
Questions
Can non-food goods go in a reefer?
Yes. Some chemicals, cosmetics, medicines and electronics are shipped in reefers when they must stay within a temperature range.
Why is free time shorter for reefers?
Reefers are specialised, limited equipment that needs power at the terminal, so carriers usually allow fewer free days before demurrage and detention start.